Virginia voted to secede from the Union on April 17, 1861, and existed briefly thereafter as an independent republic before joining the Confederacy on June 19, 1861. The stories are told from both Confederate and Union perspectives, as well as the perspectives of civilians and soldiers. The Charlie Daniels Band song, "Trudy", compares the taking of Richmond by Grant with the narrator saying that he was "raking in chips like Grant took Richmond" in a poker game. Appomattox Court House: Where It All Ended The second Richmond locations encompasses the White House and Museum of the Confederacy. Answer 1 of 4: My wife and I will be in Richmond in the Fall for three to four days and are interested primarily in Civil War sites, museums, etc. Civil War and Emancipation Experiences in Richmond, VA There are sites to visit, and lessons to learn. One lyric refers to, '...by May the 10th (1865) Richmond had fell, it was a time I remember oh so well'. Richmond, Virginia served as the capital of the Confederate States of America for almost the whole of the American Civil War. The company also manufactured railroad steam locomotives in the same period. Although Jackson’s Mill farmstead never figured directly … Civil War Richmond is an online research project designed to collect documents, photographs, and maps pertaining to Richmond, Virginia, during the Civil War. However, Lee rushed in reinforcements and the Confederates were able to repulse further Union attacks, resulting in heavy Federal casualties. The park commemorates eleven different sites associated with those campaigns including the battlefields at Gaines' Mill, Malvern Hill, and Cold Harbor. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. By now the Confederate works were heavily manned and the greatest opportunity to capture Petersburg without a siege was lost. As capital of the Confederate States, Richmond became a military target of the Federal Army. Don't let those Abe Lincoln bobbleheads or other gift shop kitsch distract … It was second only to the Parrott foundry in Cold Spring, New York, in production for the entire United States. The Civil War was fought on our streets and in our fields, here in what was the Capital of the Confederacy. An itinerary of key sites and things to do, Save 40 Acres of the American Revolution Southern Theater, Kentuckians: Support Battlefield Preservation Legislation, Virginians: Support Battlefield Preservation Legislation. On March 13, 1863, the Confederate Laboratory on Brown's Island was rocked by an explosion that killed dozens of workers. Following the secession of Virginia from the Union, the capital of the Confederacy was transferred from Montgomery, Alabama, to Richmond, Virginia. From 1861 to 1865, Richmond’s fate would determine America’s future. ", "Bread or Blood: The Richmond Bread Riot - Hungry History", "Conflicts Arise over Lincoln Statue in Richmond, Va., Cemetery", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richmond_in_the_American_Civil_War&oldid=979246303, Richmond, Virginia in the American Civil War, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Explore what interests you! American Civil War 1861 – 1865 There is more to the Civil War. Virginia became a prominent part of the Confederacy when it joined during the American Civil War.As a Southern slave-holding state, Virginia held the state convention to deal with the secession crisis, and voted against secession on April 4, 1861. Located just north of I-66 and near Washington, DC, Manassas National Battlefield Park highlights two battles fought near a little stream called Bull Run. Fewer than half were recaptured, with the majority reaching Union lines and safety. The Tredegar Iron Works, sprawling along the James River, supplied high-quality munitions to the Confederacy during the war. Top 10 Civil War sites: astounding, heartbreaking history Charles F. Bryan Jr. Dec 4, 2011 Dec 4, 2011 Updated Sep 25, 2019; 0 {{featured_button_text}} 1 of 2 Confederate troops fire at … The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 53,000 acres in 24 states! A large, stone pyramid dominates the Confederate Soldiers' section, wh… McClellan, who had enjoyed early publicity from a series of successes in western Virginia, was assigned the task of seizing and occupying Richmond. War dead were also buried at Oakwood Cemetery, Shockoe Hill Cemetery, and the Cemetery for Hebrew Confederate Soldiers section of the Hebrew Cemetery. However, on May 8, 1861, in the Confederate Capital City of Montgomery, Alabama, the decision was made to name the City of Richmond, Virginia as the new Capital of the Confederacy. "Civil War Theater: The Richmond Stage.". Petersburg National Battlefield is a vast park on which you could spend hundreds of hours and never do the same thing twice. "Unconquerable Defiance": Richmond Newspapers and Confederate Defeat, 1864-1865. Robbie Robertson / The Band wrote 'The night they drove old Dixie down'. As a result of its proximity to the battlefields of the Eastern Theater and its high level of defense, the city processed many casualties of both sides: as home to numerous hospitals (the largest such being Chimborazo Hospital), prisons (notably Libby Prison, Castle Thunder, and Belle Isle), and various cemeteries. Donate today to preserve Civil War battlefields and the nation’s history for generations to come. A statue of Lincoln, commemorating his visit to the former Confederate capitol, was unveiled in 2003, causing controversy.[8]. Shiloh was the largest battle in the Civil War’s … "Patsy, our tour guide took us from the visitor's center to … Among these sites are Fort Harrison, Cold Harbor, the defensive battery of Drewry’s Bluff and the famous Tredegar Iron Works, now home to the park’s main visitor center. Even as other portions of the South were already falling, the failure of the Peninsula Campaign to take Richmond led to almost three more years of warfare between the states. Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Richmond National Battlefield is a very diverse park, on which you could spend hundreds of hours and never do the same thing twice. The Confederacy hit its high-water mark at the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863. The history books will tell you that the American Civil War began at … Within the same week, on the evening of April 14, President Lincoln was assassinated in Washington D.C. by the Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes Booth. See the exhibits and watch the introductory film if you have time. Immediately next door to the White House, the internationally renowned Museum of the Confederacy houses the largest comprehensive collection of artifacts and personal effects relating to the Confederacy. As the fall of Petersburg became imminent, on Evacuation Sunday (April 2), President Davis, his Cabinet, and the Confederate defenders abandoned Richmond and fled south on the last open railroad line, the Richmond and Danville. It was a vital source of weapons and supplies for the war effort, and the terminus of five railroads. [6] The militia was called out to end the riot.[7]. 27)", "What were the largest cities in the South in 1860? The majority of battles fought during the Civil War took place in the states of Virginia and Tennessee. ", This page was last edited on 19 September 2020, at 17:21. Named for the artillery company that defended the spot, Parker's Battery has a … [1][2] The city had been the capital of Virginia since 1780, and became the third largest city in the Confederacy.[3]. The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. Richmond National Battlefield comprises 13 different sites, spanning multiple years of the Civil War. Do what strikes your fancy. On May 10, 1865, Confederate President Jefferson Davis, fleeing Richmond and having dissolved the Confederate government, was captured by Union forces in Irwinville, Georgia. Come see how it all unfolded. Richmond, Virginia Touring the Capital of the Confederacy. Two of the locations are in Richmond proper. The Confederate States of America was formed in early 1861 from the first states to secede from the Union. In the late spring of 1862, a large Federal army under Major General George B. McClellan landed on the Virginia Peninsula. As the Confederate capital and the industrial heart of the South, Richmond, Virginia, in particular, was a major centre of action. The occupation was overseen by General Godfrey Weitzel and later General Edward Ord. The city was shaken shortly thereafter by the March 2, 1864 Dahlgren Affair, a failed Union raid on the city. In addition, the James River and Kanawha Canal ran through it with access to the Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. Defending Richmond - Richmond VA. in U.S. Civil War Sites. St. John's Episcopal Church. Monument Avenue was laid out in 1887, with a series of monuments at various intersections honoring the city's Confederate heroes. Wise and William "Extra Billy" Smith, Tredegar Iron Works owner and Confederate Brigadier General Joseph Reid Anderson, and Major Generals George Pickett, Fitzhugh Lee, Henry Heth, and John Imboden. Richmond is also home to the American Civil War Museum, an institution that explores the war itself along with the legacy left behind. Divisions of the American Battlefield Trust: The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Richmond National Battlefield Park includes 13 distinct sites or units, each commemorating an important event or location of the American Civil War. Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. N 37° 35.092 W 077° 23.360. About one week after the evacuation of Richmond, General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Grant on April 9 ending the Battle of Appomattox Courthouse. By April 1865, the Confederate government realized the siege was almost over and abandoned the city lest they be captured. Located on the edge of the Bermuda Hundred peninsula between Richmond and Petersburg, this site is a typical stretch of the Confederate "Howlett Line" that stood from May 1864 into April 1865. Ulysses S. Grant's 1864 Overland Campaign resulted in Robert E. Lee's Confederate army retiring to the vicinity of Richmond and Petersburg, where they checked Grant's progress. from June of 1864 to April of 1865, Federal forces besieged the city, the longest such siege in United States Army history. Please consider making a gift today to help raise the $170,000 we need to preserve this piece of American history forever. On Brown's Island, the Confederate States Laboratory was established to consolidate explosives production to an isolated setting in the eventuality of an accidental explosion. Known as the "Cockade City," Petersburg was a vital rail and supply center situated 23 miles south of the Richmond. President Lincoln, who had been visiting General Grant and staying nearby at City Point, toured the fallen city (April 4–7) by foot and carriage with his young son Tad, and visited the former White House of the Confederacy and the Virginia State Capitol. After the Confederate Army fired on Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina, on April 12, 1861, beginning the Civil War, additional states seceded. Welcome to Civil War Richmond, an online research project designed to collect documents, photographs, and maps pertaining to Richmond, Virginia, during the Civil War. Defending Richmond - Richmond VA - U.S. Civil War Sites on Waymarking.com. At the fall of Richmond in April 1865, all but the Richmond and Danville Railroad and the canal had effectively been cut off by Union forces. ", Harwell, Richard Barksdale. Stand next to Civil War cannons at Malvern Hill Battlefield then visit the Dabbs House Museum. The Union Army advance was halted shortly outside of the city at the Battle of Seven Pines on May 31 and June 1, 1862 (near the site of what is now Richmond International Airport). Richmond remained the capital of the Confederacy until April 2, 1865, at which point the government evacuated and was re-established, albeit briefly, in Danville, Virginia.[5]. Answer 1 of 4: In early November I will be coming from Asheville to Richmond and eventually down to Florida. Although the city sat 105 miles from the Union capital of Washington D.C., Richmond did not fall into Union hands until April 3, 1865. Do what strikes your fancy. A New Look at the Richmond Bread Riot. 398 reviews. Besides being home to the Confederate government, Richmond also played host to Confederate hospitals, Tredegar Iron Works, and the notorious Union prisoner of war camps Libby Prison and Belle Isle. Included (east to west) were J.E.B. Manassas/Bull Run, Virginia (July 1861) The Confederacy won two important victories—in July 1861 … Numerous smaller factories in Richmond produced tents, uniforms, harnesses and leather goods, swords and bayonets, and other war material. We maintain three unique sites: The American Civil War Museum – Historic Tredegar and the White House of the Confederacy, both in Richmond, VA; and The American Civil War Museum–Appomattox, in Appomattox, VA. Insider tip: In the postwar years, the Crater was integrated into a golf course and used as a sand trap. [9], By comparison, the population of Washington, D.C. was 61,122 in the 1860 census, Michael B. Chesson, "Harlots or Heroines? Weston. The city has a number of markers and monuments commemorating the Civil War and the city's role in the Confederacy. "Harlots or Heroines? The city fell to Union forces on April 3, 1865. Exploring the unparalleled significance the American Civil War holds to complexities we face today. Fort Sumter National Monument. His military maneuvers and the resulting battles and engagements became collectively known as the Peninsula Campaign, culminating in the Seven Days Battles. Explore what interests you. Follow the NPS Auto Tour Route and get out and explore each stop. Stout, Harry S., and Christopher Grasso. The American Civil War Museum is actually a museum complex that has three locations. Richmond's Civil War sites range from hospitals to iron works. “On to Richmond!” The Focal Point of the Civil War The center of Confederate manufacturing fueled a modern war, one of the South’s largest hospitals gave care to the sick and wounded, and armies battled on open fields and in miles of defensive earthworks. JACKSON’S MILL FARMSTEAD. Walk back 400 years in time at Henricus Historical Park to see where Pocahontas lived. Richmond was also a transportation hub. Battle of Fredericksburg. Chesson, Michael B. In the Peninsula Campaign of 1862, General George McClellan moved up the James River, almost to the suburbs of the city, but was beaten back by Robert E. Lee in the Seven Days Battles. (MA Thesis, Virginia Commonwealth University, 2007). Civil War Richmond is an online research project by Mike Gorman about Richmond, Virginia, during the Civil War. Timing: December 1862. Virginia was the South's industrial center, with an industrial output nearly equal to that of all other Confederate states combined. The Confederate capital was moved to Richmond in recognition of Virginia's strategic importance. What Happened: With snipers on … Remains of a locomotive of the Richmond and Petersburg Railroad, Damage near the Armory. The retreating Confederates chose to burn military supplies rather than let them fall into Union hands; the resulting fire destroyed much of central Richmond. Shiloh National Military Park; Shiloh, Tennessee. Purchase a touring CD from the bookstore. Here you will find information regarding many varied facets of life inside the Confederate Capital. Richmond's Hollywood Cemetery is the final burial place of many Civil War notables, including Jefferson Davis, Stuart, former U.S. President and Confederate Congressman John Tyler, Virginia Governors and Confederate Generals Henry A. V irginia's six Civil War-oriented National Parks together draw millions of visitors each year.. Manassas National Battlefield. Efforts to take Richmond by the James River were successfully blocked by Confederate defenses at the Battle of Drewry's Bluff on May 15, about eight miles downstream from Richmond. In 1864-5, General U.S. Grant laid siege to nearby Petersburg. Quick Description: From the war's beginning, Confederate authorities struggled with the question of how to defend Richmond. Following the secession of Virginia from the Union, the capital of the Confederacy was transferred from Montgomery, Alabama, to Richmond, Virginia. Montgomery, Alabama, was selected as the Confederate capital. Albumen print, 1865. The Tredegar works were adjacent to the Richmond Arsenal, which was recommissioned in the lead-up to the war. It was the terminus of five railroads: the Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad; the Virginia Central Railroad; the Richmond and York River Railroad; the Richmond and Petersburg Railroad; and the Richmond and Danville Railroad. "Civil War, Religion, and Communications: The Case of Richmond." Or strike out on your own using the following sites as a guideline. The retreating soldiers were under orders to set fire to bridges, the armory, and supply warehouses as they left. in by Randall M. Miller and Harry S. Stout, eds., Titus, Katherine R. "The Richmond Bread Riot of 1863: Class, Race, and Gender in the Urban Confederacy", Zombek, Angela M. "Paternalism and Imprisonment at Castle Thunder: Reinforcing Gender Norms in the Confederate Capital. The foundry made the 723 tons of armor plating that covered the CSS Virginia (the former USS Merrimack), which fought the first battle between ironclad warships in March 1862. By using actual documents from the time, we can accurately present life inside the Confederate Capital categorized and in … [4]. Stuart, and an unexpected appearance of General Stonewall Jackson's famous "foot cavalry" combined to unnerve the ever-cautious McClellan, and he initiated a Union retreat before Richmond. Numerous Union dead who were buried at these sites were re-interred after the war to several national cemeteries outside of the city. Help save a crucial 22-acre tract on the battlefield where 14 African American soldiers earned the highest military honor in the land. For 292 days. The Seal of the Confederate States, adopted April 30, 1863, features a depiction of George Washington based on the Washington Monument adjacent to the Confederate Capitol building. Every purchase supports the mission. View waymark gallery. In the 1860 United States Census, Richmond was the 25th largest urban area in the United States, with a population of 37,910. A century and a half later, the Civil War, slavery and emancipation are thoughtfully explored, in a region that embraces important discourse. Federal Identification Number (EIN): 54-1426643. The Union made many attempts to invade Richmond. Other museums include the Virginia Historical Society. One of the Civil War's most daring prison breaks, the Libby Prison escape, took place in February 1864 when more than 100 Federal captives escaped and fled into the night. Tredegar is also credited with the production of approximately 10,000 artillery pieces during the war which was about half of the South's total domestic production of artillery between the war years of 1861–1865. The Richmond National Battlefield Park, a unit of the National Park Service, maintains several battlefields from the Peninsula Campaign and subsequent actions. A New Look at the Richmond Bread Riot. On April 2, 1863, the city was beset by a large bread riot as housewives could no longer afford very high food prices and broke into stores. As the war progressed, the city's warehouses became the supply and logistical center for much of the Confederate forces within the Eastern Theater. If you get a chance to visit Richmond, don't miss Chimborazo … Subsequent campaigning in the balance of the year failed to bring about a decisive battle, and Richmond residents settled down to the winter of 1863–64 mostly still optimistic about the Confederacy's fortunes. Union troops put out the raging fires in the city. This is where our country started, and grew, and fought, and fought again. It was the seat of Jefferson Davis's administration and also the site of Confederate hospitals, factories, and prisons. The fire in the largely abandoned city spread out of control, and large parts of Richmond were destroyed, reaching to the very edge of Capitol Square mostly unchecked. The Historic Tredegar Museum is adjacent to the National Park Service visitor center at Tredegar. Over a period of seven days from June 25 to July 1, 1862, Richmond's defensive line of batteries and fortifications set up under General Robert E. Lee, a daring ride around the Union Army by Confederate cavalry under General J.E.B. In 2013, The American Civil War Museum was formed by the merger of the American Civil War Center and the Museum of the Confederacy. Stay tuned for the upcoming “Epicenter of the Rebellion: Great Richmond Civil War Sites” tour tour, led by Rick Britton of Richmond’s Tredegar Civil War Center. The conflagration was not completely extinguished until the mayor and other civilians went to the Union lines east of Richmond on New Market Road (now State Route 5) and surrendered the city the next day. The Confederacy also hoped the move would consolidate its hold on the state, since it had difficulty securing other states bordering the Union. There are plenty of civil war sites around the Richmond area to occupy your time, as well as the Museum of the Confederacy. Insider tip: Tredergar Iron Works produced almost 1,100 cannons, roughly one-half of all guns made in the south during the war. Stuart, Robert E. Lee, Jefferson Davis, Stonewall Jackson, and Matthew F. Maury. Positioned on the Fall Line along the James River, the city had ready access to an ample supply of hydropower to run mills and factories. A large, stone pyramid dominates the Confederate Soldiers' section, where over 18,000 (many of whom are unknown) Confederates are buried. Besides being home to the Confederate government, Richmond also played host to Confederate hospitals, Tredegar Iron Works, and the notorious Union prisoner of war camps Libby Prison and Belle Isle. A driving tour through Civil War sites in Richmond and its surrounding counties is maintained by Virginia Civil War Trails. McClellan's starting base was the Union-held Fort Monroe at the eastern tip of the Peninsula. The American Civil War Museum actually comprises three sites: The American Civil War Museum at Historic Tredegar and the White House of the Confederacy can both be found in Richmond… Wise and William "Extra Billy" Smith, Tredegar Iron Works owner and Confederate Brigadier General Joseph Reid Anderson, and Major Generals George Pickett, Fitzhugh Lee, Henry Heth, and John Imboden. Can anyone suggest the top civil war sites, including battlefields, in S. Virginia? Three of those campaigns came within a few miles of the city. ", Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad, "POPULATION OF THE 100 LARGEST CITIES AND OTHER URBAN PLACES IN THE UNITED STATES: 1790 TO 1990 (Population Division Working Paper No. Berler, Anne Karen. 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